This course offers a systematic explanation of the meaning, nature, and significance of rights and duties, both in theory and practice, with a particular focus on their constitutional foundations in India. It begins by unpacking the conceptual dimensions of rights—what they are, why they matter, and how they underpin human dignity and democratic life. Competing theories of rights are examined, including the theory of natural rights, the legal theory of rights, and the feminist perspective, highlighting the philosophical debates that shape our understanding of individual entitlements and collective responsibilities.
The course then turns to the classification and scope of rights in the modern era. It distinguishes between civil and political rights, which safeguard liberty and democratic participation; economic, social, and cultural rights, which address questions of equality and welfare; and the three generations of rights, which collectively map the evolution of human rights discourse from liberty and equality to solidarity and global justice.
In the Indian context, the course provides a detailed study of Fundamental Rights, their scope, and their interpretation by the judiciary. It further examines the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs), as instruments of socio-economic transformation, and the Fundamental Duties, which emphasize the responsibilities of citizens in strengthening democracy. A key area of discussion is the relationship between rights and duties, where students analyze how rights are balanced by obligations towards the community. The course also addresses the legal status of Fundamental Duties and the evolving judicial approach towards enforcing them.
Through this dual lens—philosophical and constitutional—the course emphasizes that rights and duties are not isolated entities but interdependent concepts. While rights empower individuals, duties ensure the responsible exercise of those rights and promote harmony between personal freedom and social order.
- Teacher: Muzaffar Ahmad
This course has been developed by (Prof Vidya Agarwal
Professor,Department of Education, University of Allahabad, U.P.).The Pi of this subject is (Prof.P. K. Sahu
Professor, Deptt. of Education, Allahabad University, Allahabad)and team members/contenr writers are (Gurmanjit Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Surinder Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Sukhmandeep Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Amritsar) || Mandeep Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Avneet Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Bindu Sharma, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Mandeep Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Rajwinder Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Harpreet Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Parul Aggarwal, (Khalsa College of Education, Amritsar) || Harpreet Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Amandeep Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Jyotpreet Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Amritsar) || Ruchi Bhargava, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Rajni Gupta, (Khalsa College of Education, Amritsar) || Parwinderjit Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Satnam Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Navdeep Saini, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Harjinder Kaur, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar) || Lakshmi Chopra, (Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar)).This course is being offered/adopted by this university
This course has been developed by (Prof Madhura Kesarkar
Head,SNDT Women University).The Pi of this subject is (Prof.P. K. Sahu
Professor, Deptt. of Education, Allahabad University, Allahabad)and team members/contenr writers are (Archana Katgeri, (.) || Pradnya Wakpainjan, (.) || Rekha Chavhan, (.) || Vaishali Sawant, (.) || Madhura Kesarkar, (SNDT Women University) || Usha Borkar, (.) || Pallavi Talekar, (.) || Sangeeta Gole, (.) || Manjeet sahmbey, (.) || Karuna Sinha, (.) || Judy Grace Andrews, (.) || Frances Vaidya, (.)).This course is being offered/adopted by this university
This course has been developed by (Prof Anil Shukla
.,Department of Education, Lucknow University).The Pi of this subject is (Prof.P. K. Sahu
Professor, Deptt. of Education, Allahabad University, Allahabad)and team members/contenr writers are (Jasim Ahmad, (TT&NFE (IASE), Faculty of Education, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)).This course is being offered/adopted by this university
This course has been developed by (NA).The Pi of this subject is (Prof.P. K. Sahu
Professor, Deptt. of Education, Allahabad University, Allahabad)and team members/contenr writers are (Not available).This course is being offered/adopted by this university
This course has been developed by (NA).The Pi of this subject is (Prof.P. K. Sahu
Professor, Deptt. of Education, Allahabad University, Allahabad)and team members/contenr writers are (Not available).This course is being offered/adopted by this university